CEMENT MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT USED FOR CEMENTING UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION WELL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30556/imj.Vol21.No2.2018.941Keywords:
underground coal gasification, oil well cement, castables, heat treatmentAbstract
R&D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources developes an underground coal gasification (UCG) technology including its UCG test in a coal mine at Musi Banyuasin regency, South Sumatra. The UCG is safer than the underground mine since there is no worker underground however there is a concern in risk of ground water pollution. One of the mthods to reduce the risk is a proper instalation of well casing and cementing that seal aquifer from contact with UCG product gas. Development of special cement for cementing UCG well is needed due to its high process temperature (up to 1300°C). The objective of this research is to develop a cement material that can withstand high temperatures environtment. Domestically available an oil well cement (OWC) and a castables (CT) were used for the experiments. Single material of OWC is not suitable for cementing UCG well since the OWC compressive strength reduced drastically at heat treatment above 300°C due to decomposistion of portlandite and calcium silicate hydrate. On the other hand, there was a synergistic effect that resulted of higher compressive strength sample if 60% weight of OWC and 40% weight of CT was blended. The absence of portlandite and the presence of inert filler materials in the blend is believed to improve thermal and mechanical properties of the blend.References
ACI (2013) ACI concrete terminology. Farmington Hills: American Concrete Institute. Available at: https://www.concrete.org/portals/0/files/pdf/ACI_Concrete_Terminology.pdf.
Arioz, O. (2007) “Effects of elevated temperatures on properties of concrete,” Fire Safety Journal, 42(8), pp. 516–522. doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.01.003.
Bett, E. K. (2010) Geothermal well cementing, materials and placement techniques. Reykjavík, Iceland. Available at: https://orkustofnun.is/gogn/unu-gtp-report/UNU-GTP-2010-10.pdf.
Bizzozero, J. (2014) Hydration and dimensional stability of calcium aluminate cement based systems. École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. doi: 10.5075/epfl-thesis-6336.
Blinderman, M. and Klimenko, A. (eds.) (2017) Underground coal gasification and combustion. Duxford, UK: Woodhead Publishing.
Brandl, A. and Doherty, D. R. (2013) “Method of producing synthesis gas by the underground gasification of coal from a coal seam.” United State of America. Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8596356.
Broni-Bediako, E., Joel, O. F. and Ofori-Sarpong, G. (2015) “Evaluation of the performance of local cements with imported class ‘G’ cement for oil well cementing operations in Ghana,” Ghana Mining Journal, 15(1), pp. 78–84. Available at: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gm/article/view/119503.
Broni-Bediako, E., Joel, O. F. and Ofori-Sarpong, G. (2016) “Oil Well Cement Additives: A Review of the Common Types,” Oil & Gas Research, 02(02), pp. 1–6. doi: 10.4172/2472-0518.1000112.
Bu, Y., Du, J., Guo, S., Liu, H. and Huang, C. (2016) “Properties of oil well cement with high dosage of metakaolin,” Construction and Building Materials, 112, pp. 39–48. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.173.
Chen, H., Zhao, L., He, X., Fang, W., Lei, Z. and Chen, H. (2015) “The fabrication of porous corundum spheres with core-shell structure for corundum-spinel castables,” Materials & Design, 85, pp. 574–581. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.033.
Costa, B. L. de S., Souza, G. G. de, Freitas, J. C. de O., Araujo, R. G. da S. and Santos, P. H. S. (2017) “Silica content influence on cement compressive strength in wells subjected to steam injection,” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 158, pp. 626–633. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2017.09.006.
El-Gamal, S. M. A., Hashem, F. S. and Amin, M. S. (2017) “Influence of carbon nanotubes, nanosilica and nanometakaolin on some morphological-mechanical properties of oil well cement pastes subjected to elevated water curing temperature and regular room air curing temperature,” Construction and Building Materials, 146, pp. 531–546. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.124.
Hamdy, E.-D. and El-Sayed, E.-A. (2000) “Addition of limestone in the low heat portland cement,” Ceramics - Silikáty, 44(4), pp. 146–150. Available at: http://www.ceramics-silikaty.cz/index.php?page=cs_detail_doi&id=744.
Han, B., Chen, F. and Li, N. (2007) “Mullite castables bonded by calcium aluminate cement,” American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 86(3), pp. 9301–9306. Available at: http://americanceramicsociety.org/bulletin/2007_pdf_files/Han.pdf.
Handoo, S. K., Agarwal, S. and Agarwal, S. K. (2002) “Physicochemical, mineralogical, and morphological characteristics of concrete exposed to elevated temperatures,” Cement and Concrete Research, 32(7), pp. 1009–1018. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00736-0.
Hole, H. (2008) “Geothermal well cementing,” in Petroleum Engineering Summer School. Dubrovnik, Croatia, pp. 1–6. Available at: https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/ISS/2008Croatia/Hole06.pdf.
Hua, S., Wang, K. and Yao, X. (2016) “Developing high performance phosphogypsum-based cementitious materials for oil-well cementing through a step-by-step optimization method,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 72, pp. 299–308. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.05.017.
ILO (2009) Safety and health in underground coalmines. 1st Ed. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_110254.pdf.
Jeong, Y., Hargis, C., Chun, S. and Moon, J. (2017) “Effect of calcium carbonate fineness on calcium sulfoaluminate-belite cement,” Materials, 10(8), p. 900. doi: 10.3390/ma10080900.
Kang, S.-H., Lee, J.-H., Hong, S.-G. and Moon, J. (2017) “Microstructural investigation of heat-treated ultra-high performance concrete for optimum production,” Materials, 10(9), p. 1106. doi: 10.3390/ma10091106.
Klaus, S. R., Neubauer, J. and Goetz-Neunhoeffer, F. (2015) “How to increase the hydration degree of CA — The influence of CA particle fineness,” Cement and Concrete Research, 67, pp. 11–20. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.08.001.
Lin, F. and Meyer, C. (2009) “Hydration kinetics modeling of Portland cement considering the effects of curing temperature and applied pressure,” Cement and Concrete Research, 39(4), pp. 255–265. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.01.014.
Liu, H., Bu, Y. and Guo, S. (2013) “Improvement of aluminium powder application measure based on influence of gas hole on strength properties of oil well cement,” Construction and Building Materials, 47, pp. 480–488. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.057.
Maaroufi, M.-A., Lecomte, A., Diliberto, C., Francy, O. and Le Brun, P. (2015) “Thermo-hydrous behavior of hardened cement paste based on calcium aluminate cement,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 35(5), pp. 1637–1646. doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.11.029.
Martin, P., Ján, M., Ján, M., Jana, K. and Chandra, M. S. (2005) “Formation and stability of crystallohydrates in the non-equilibrium system during hydration of SAB cements,” Ceramics − Silikáty, 49(4), pp. 230–236. Available at: http://www.ceramics-silikaty.cz/index.php?page=cs_detail_doi&id=609.
Molèn, M. (2014) Early hydration of portland cement compounds: Synthesis and hydration of alite and calcium aluminate. Chalmers Tekniska Högskola. Available at: http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/202343/202343.pdf.
Parr, C., Bier, T. A., Bunt, N. E. and Spreafico, E. (1997) “Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) based castables for demanding applications,” in Proceeding 1st monolithics conference. Tehran, Iran.
Parr, C., Fryda, H. and Wöhrmeyer, C. (2013) “Recent advances in refractories — aluminate binders and calcium aluminate bonded high-performance monolithic castables,” Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 113, pp. 619–629. Available at: http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2225-62532013000800007.
Parr, C., Simonin, F., Touzo, B., Wöhrmeyer, C., Valdelievre, B. and Namba, A. (2004) “Chris Parr Simonin, F. Touzo, B. Wohrmeyer, C. Valdelievre, B. Namba, A.,” in Proceeding TARJ meeting. Ako, Japan.
Peng, G. F., Chan, S. Y. N. and Anson, M. (2001) “Chemical kinetics of C-S-H decomposition in hardened cement paste subjected to elevated temperatures up to 800°C,” Advances in Cement Research, 13(2), pp. 47–52. doi: 10.1680/adcr.2001.13.2.47.
Prata, L. B., Libardi, W. and Baldo, J. B. (2003) “The effect of aggregate aspect ratio and temperature on the fracture toughness of a low cement refractory concrete,” Materials Research, 6(4), pp. 545–550. doi: 10.1590/S1516-14392003000400021.
Ridi, F. (2010) “Hydration of cement: Still a lot to be understood,” La Chimica & L’Industria, 3, pp. 110–117. Available at: http://www.soc.chim.it/sites/default/files/chimind/pdf/2010_3_110_ca.pdf.
Rosyid, F. A. and Adachi, T. (2016) “Forecasting on Indonesian coal production and future extraction cost: A tool for formulating policy on coal marketing,” Natural Resources, 07(12), pp. 677–696. doi: 10.4236/nr.2016.712054.
De Schutter, G. (2011) “Effect of limestone filler as mineral addition in self-compacting concrete,” in Tam, C. T., Ong, K. C. G., Teng, S., and Zhang, M. H. (eds.) 36th Conference on OUR World in Concrete & Structures: “Recent Advances in the Technology of Fesh Concrete.” Singapore: Ghent University, Department of Structural engineering, pp. 49–54.
Skantz, E. (2014) Effect of elevated temperature on cement paste ageing. Aalto University. Available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Effect-of-elevated-temperature-on-cement-paste-Skantz/76fa6b9f799b505b715244139de6c2c8df6dce91.
Sugama, T. (2007) Advanced cements for geothermal wells. Upton, NY. doi: 10.2172/909955.
Zhang, H. (ed.) (2011) Building materials in civil engineering. 1st Ed. Woodhead Publishing.
Zivica, V., Palou, M. T., Krizma, M. and Bagel, L. (2012) “Acidic attack of cement based materials under the common action of high, ambient temperature and pressure,” Construction and Building Materials, 36, pp. 623–629. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.025.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Indonesian Mining Journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public to supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
