PREDIKSI CURAH HUJAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE E. J. GUMBEL UNTUK RENCANA SISTEM PENYALIRAN TAMBANG

Ilham Rifki Nurfajar; Rachmadhi Purwana; Soemarno W. Soelarno

doi:10.30556/jtmb.Vol21.No1.2025.1526

Penulis

Ilham Rifki Nurfajar Program Studi Magister Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Indonesia
Rachmadhi Purwana Program Studi Magister Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Indonesia
Soemarno W. Soelarno Program Studi Magister Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol21.No1.2025.1526

Kata Kunci:

air, curah hujan, debit, TSF, kolam pengendapan

Abstrak

Tailing Storage Facility (TSF) adalah salah satu konstruksi terbesar yang melibatkan kolam pengendapan dan merupakan fasilitas penting yang digunakan pada kegiatan pertambangan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk merekomendasikan pengelolaan air pada kolam pengendapan secara aman dan ramah lingkungan. Dilakukan analisis curah hujan dengan menggunakan metode E. J. Gumbel dan membuat desain sistem penyaliran tambang. Hasil prediksi menghasilkan curah hujan maksimum sebesar 20,99 mm/hari dan nilai intensitas hujan 7,28 mm/jam. Luas daerah tangkapan hujan adalah 380.355 m²dan total debit air limpasan sebesar 0,64 m³/detik. Air limpasan masuk ke dalam kolam pengendapan dengan volume 2.438 m³/hari. Daya tampung 3 (tiga) kompartemen kolam pengendapan sebesar 4.500 m³dan luas 500 m².

Referensi

Aldhafeeri, Z. (2018) Reactivity of cemented paste backfill. University of Ottawa.

Australian Goverment (2016) Tailings management: Leading practice sustainable development program for the mining industry. Canberra.

Blight, G.E. (2009) Geotechnical engineering for mine waste storage facilities. London: CRC Press. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203859407.

Byrne, P., Hudson-Edwards, K.A., Macklin, M.G., Brewer, P., Bird, G. dan Williams, R. (2016) “The long-term environmental impacts of the Mount Polley mine tailings spill, British Columbia, Canada,” in Applied Geochemistry, hal. 64–74. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016AM-278498.

Fetter, C.W. (1994) Applied hidrogeology. 3 ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Forstner, U. dan Wittmann, G.T. (1981) Metal Pollution in Aquatic Environment. 2 ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Galleno, M., Oliveira, S., Kerbauy, M.T. dan Kerbauy, M. (2016) “Environmental vulnerability and technological risks in collapse and break of dams in Brazil: Lessons from Mariana (MG) disaster,” in Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (GSDI) Association, hal. 539–546.

Gautama, R.S. (1993) Pengantar penirisan tambang. Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung.

Hancock, G.R., Duque, J.F.M. dan Willgoose, G.R. (2020) “Mining rehabilitation – Using geomorphology to engineer ecologically sustainable landscapes for highly disturbed lands,” Ecological Engineering, 155(15), hal. 105836. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105836.

International Commission on Large Dams (2001) Tailings dams: risk of dangerous occurrences: lessons learnt from practical experiences, Bulletin (International Commission on Large Dams). Paris: Commission Internationale des Grand Barrages.

Kossoff, D., Dubbin, W.E., Alfredsson, M., Edwards, S.J., Macklin, M.G. dan Hudson-Edwards, K.A. (2014) “Mine tailings dams: Characteristics, failure, environmental impacts, and remediation,” Applied Geochemistry, 51, hal. 229–245. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.010.

Ma, W., Schott, D. dan Lodewijks, G. (2017) “A new procedure for deep sea mining tailings disposal,” Minerals, 7(4), hal. 47. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.3390/min7040047.

Maidment, D.R. (1993) Handbook of hydrology. 1 ed. Washington DC: McGraw Hill.

Van Niekerk, H.J. dan Viljoen, M.J. (2005) “Causes and consequences of the Merriespruit and other tailings‐dam failures,” Land Degradation & Development, 16(2), hal. 201–212. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.681.

Owen, J.R., Kemp, D., Lèbre, É., Svobodova, K. dan Pérez Murillo, G. (2020) “Catastrophic tailings dam failures and disaster risk disclosure,” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 42, hal. 101361. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101361.

Potter, M.C., Wiggert, D.C., Ramadan, B.H. dan Shih, T.I.-P. (2012) Mechanics of fluids. 4 ed. Stamford: Cengage Learning.

Prodjosumarto, P. (1994) Teknik pengendalian pencemaran air. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita.

PT. X (2023) Data monitoring tahunan perusahaan. Sumatera Utara.

Rico, M., Benito, G., Salgueiro, A.R., Díez-Herrero, A. dan Pereira, H.G. (2008) “Reported tailings dam failures,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 152(2), hal. 846–852. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.050.

Robertson, P.K., de Melo, L., Williams, D.J. dan Wilson, G.W. (2019) Report of the expert panel on the technical causes of the failure of Feijão Dam I, Commissioned by Vale.

Segura, F.R., Nunes, E.A., Paniz, F.P., Paulelli, A.C.C., Rodrigues, G.B., Braga, G.Ú.L., dos Reis Pedreira Filho, W., Barbosa, F., Cerchiaro, G., Silva, F.F. dan Batista, B.L. (2016) “Potential risks of the residue from Samarco’s mine dam burst (Bento Rodrigues, Brazil),” Environmental Pollution, 218, hal. 813–825. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.005.

Shavina, E. dan Prokofev, V. (2020) “Implementation of environmental principles of sustainable development in the mining region,” E3S Web of Conferences. Diedit oleh S. Vöth, M. Cehlár, J. Janocko, M. Straka, D. Nuray, D. Szurgacz, M. Petrova, Y. Tan, dan A. Abay, 174, hal. 02014. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017402014.

Sherman, L.K. (1932) “Streamflow from rainfall by the unit graph method,” Engineering News-Record, hal. 5001–5005.

Soewarno (1995) Hidrologi: Aplikasi metode statistik untuk analisa data. Jilid 1. Bandung: Nova Bandung.

Suripin (2004) Sistem drainase perkotaan yang berkelanjutan. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.

Valenzuela, L. (2016) “Design, construction, operation and the effect of fines content and permeability on the seismic performance of tailings sand dams in Chile,” Obras y Proyectos, (19), hal. 6–22. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-28132016000100001.

Widodo, A., Utama, W., Purwanto, M.S. dan Fajar, M.H.M. (2020) “Analisis parameter fisis lempung dalam penentuan daya dukung tanah (Studi kasus: Kecamatan Manyar, Kabupaten Gresik),” Jurnal Geosaintek, 6(2), hal. 61–70. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.12962/j25023659.v6i2.5445.