FLOTASI KASITERIT DARI BIJIH TIMAH PRIMER TIPE SKARN ASAL PULAU BELITUNG

Rustam Kamoda; Edy Sanwani

doi:10.30556/jtmb.Vol19.No3.2023.1472

Penulis

Rustam Kamoda Institut Teknologi Bandung
Edy Sanwani Program Studi Teknik Metalurgi - Institut Teknologi Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol19.No3.2023.1472

Kata Kunci:

bijih timah, skarn, kasiterit, flotasi, perolehan

Abstrak

Indonesia sebagai salah satu produsen timah dunia, selain memiliki cadangan timah dari endapan sekunder juga memiliki cadangan timah dari endapan primer tipe skarn yang terletak di Pulau Belitung. Keterdapatan serta karakteristik mineral kasiterit pada bijih timah primer tipe skarn dapat dikonfirmasi melalui karakterisasi sampel dan berpotensi untuk dipisahkan dari mineral-mineral pengotornya dengan metode flotasi. Ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pemisahan mineral berharga dari pengotor melalui metode flotasi yaitu asosiasi mineral, skema penggunaan jenis kolektor, kondisi pH, penggunaan depresan dan lain-lain. Hasil karakterisasi sampel menunjukkan bahwa bijih timah primer tipe skarn asal Pulau Belitung mengandung Sn dengan kadar rendah yaitu 0,1615% dalam bentuk mineral kasiterit. Percobaan flotasi yang dilakukan terdiri dari dua skema. Skema pertama yaitu flotasi menggunakan kolektor SHA, SO dan SHA+SO dengan variasi pH 6, 7, 8, dan 9 dan skema kedua yaitu flotasi dengan penggunaan dan tanpa penggunaan depresan pada pH 8 untuk masing-masing jenis kolektor. Perolehan, kadar produk, percent mass pull, nisbah pengayaan, efisiensi pemisahan, dan indeks selektivitas merupakan parameter-parameter yang digunakan untuk menilai performa flotasi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa flotasi kasiterit pada variasi pH cenderung menunjukkan performa yang lebih baik pada pH 8. Flotasi dengan variasi jenis kolektor menunjukkan bahwa recovery Sn kolektor SHA < SO < SHA+SO. Jika ditinjau dari segi kadar pada konsentrat, maka kadar Sn SO < SHA+SO < SHA. Percobaan flotasi menggunakan ketiga jenis kolektor pada kondisi penggunaan dan tanpa penggunaan depresan menunjukkan bahwa performa flotasi lebih baik pada kondisi tanpa penggunaan depresan.

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