PELARUTAN BIJIH BAUKSIT DENGAN SODA KAUSTIK (NaOH) MENJADI LARUTAN SODIUM ALUMINAT (NaAlO2) SKALA PILOT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol12.No3.2016.134Kata Kunci:
digestion, bauksit, proses Bayer, NaOH berlebih, sodium aluminatAbstrak
Sodium aluminat (NaAlO2) merupakan bahan kimia anorganik penting yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk pembuatan berbagai macam produk kimia antara lain polialuminum chloride (PAC), alum, dan zeolit sintetik. Dalam penelitian ini, NaAlO2 dihasilkan melalui proses Bayer yaitu pelarutan (digestion) bauksit asal Tayan, Kalimantan Barat, dengan soda kaustik (NaOH) pada skala pilot berkapasitas 100 kg umpan/batch dengan menggunakan uap secara kontak langsung pada suhu sekitar 140oC dan tekanan 4 atm. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi : lama reaksi (1; 1,5; 2 jam), ukuran butir -0,177 mm (-80 mesh); -0,149 mm (-100 mesh); -0,0965 mm (-150 mesh), dan NaOH berlebih di atas kebutuhan stoikhiometrinya (1,37% sampai dengan 35,25%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu reaksi semakin lama, ukuran butir semakin halus, dan NaOH berlebih semakin tinggi sampai batas tertentu, memberikan perolehan alumina (Al2O3) yang semakin tinggi. Kondisi proses terbaik yang diperoleh adalah NaOH berlebih 28,83% , lama reaksi 2 jam dan ukuran butir -150 mesh (-0,105 mm) dengan perolehan alumina tertinggi 93,98%.
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