SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI MATERIAL BERPORI  BERBASIS MINERAL SILIKA PULAU BELITUNG

Azhari Azhari; Muchtar Aziz

doi:10.30556/jtmb.Vol12.No3.2016.135

Penulis

Azhari Azhari Puslitbang - KESDM
Muchtar Aziz Puslitbang - KESDM

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol12.No3.2016.135

Kata Kunci:

pasir silika, sol-gel, material berpori

Abstrak

Dalam rangka pembuatan membran penyaring molekul, khususnya untuk penggunaan dalam peningkatan kadar bioetanol, telah dilakukan serangkaian percobaan pembentukan material silika berpori dengan metoda sol-gel, berbasis mineral silika asal P. Belitung. Pertama-tama mineral silika ditingkatkan kadar silikanya melalui operasi penggerusan dan pelindian dengan variasi jenis asam. Selanjutnya silika hasil pelindian disaring dan dicuci dengan akuades sehingga bebas asam, kemudian dikeringkan. Silika kering yang telah berkadar tinggi (99,42% SiO₂), selanjutnya diproses melalui garam lebur soda kostik pada suhu tinggi, untuk mendapatkan senyawa sodium silikat yang larut dalam air. Larutan sodium silikat dipisahkan dari residunya dan dipresipitasi dengan asam untuk memperoleh endapan halus, berupa silika gel (SiO₂.xH₂O). Selanjutnya silika gel dicuci sehingga bebas garam, dipreparasi dan dikarakterisasi. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan terbentuknya SiO₂ halus berukuran nano, yang dapat mencapai ukuran terkecil 96,9 nm. Hasil pengamatan SEM, nampak dalam foto mikrograf tekstur material berpori; dan hasil analisis BET menunjukkan luas permukaan spesifik mencapai 180 m²/g.

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